Fear of Accountability and Blame: Culture plays a massive role in whether performance gets measured. In many organizations, there is an implicit fear of measurement, employees and managers worry that transparent metrics will be used to assign blame for shortfalls. This can create resistance to measuring. For example, performance consultants have observed what they call “PMO Phobia,” where people go to great lengths to avoid measurement because of anxiety about the consequences. Common symptoms include claims that “you can’t measure that” whenever an important but challenging metric is proposed. With reference to a reluctance to report bad results, Mark Hocknell, a KPI expert, notes indicator phrases that highlights this fear, such as staff saying, “We can’t report that measure, because the execs won’t like it, nobody wants bad news” (how many time have you heard that one) or “You can’t measure that, we’d be setting ourselves up for failure.” In a blame-oriented culture, people...